Doctrine of Signatures
Willow delights
in a moist and wet soil
—here being silex babylonica.
So notes Edward Stone; then adds
(to the Royal
Society): where ague
chiefly abounds.
Consider the genius of
the doctrine. When
find ye a thing
seek
there its cure. Or,
localize the lore.
Across the
bramble floodplain, ivy thickens
with a talc of poisons,
and beside it—root unto root—the pale gem
jewelweed,
taller, many-round-pronged ovate leaf
and sallow bloom, so
we've learned
to snap
the stalk, smear a drop of sap
to cool and clear
an ivy bite.
Reverend Stone,
faith being a genus of need,
put his mouth to the thing—
Crack willow, its name, the ice on it broke
the top branches down, until it was stripped,
a glassine mass of shards shining fire
in morning's hard light. Whip willow,
a thing being its name. Or torch, to light
the way to bury the dead by the path.
One willow, our willow, grew by the pond.
Grew shaggy; grew down. With leaves
in "finely toothed margins," the book said,
"and furnished with the two small leaf-like
appendages, known as 'stipules,' at their bases."
Its bracts fringed with hair. Its leaves "convolute—
i.e. rolled together in the bud, like
a scroll of paper." These leaves technically
"lanceolate," tapered to a point, fine-
serrated, gray bloom at the underside. . .
—and tasted there of quinine,
bitter remedy
for malaria. Dried
for three months in a baking oven
a pound of
willow bark. Applied this
to fifty more—faith being antidote
to suffering, in this case
rheumatism—to which
each responded
with excellent result.
Thus salicylates, for a century
following, yield an
acid analgesic
for healing (headache, heartache, shredded
muscle, sore or torn tendon. . . );
and yield for
Bayer Pharmaceutical, in 1899,
a formula for "the most popular
drug in the world."
Find ye what ye need
among its other.
Other being, by the doctrine of signatures
set forth by Philippus Aureolus
Theophrastus Bom-
bastus van Hohenheim—a.k.a.
Paracelsus—c. 1530,
nature's way of making meaning, counterpoint, and
remedy to each poison, each disease,
each bodily discomfiture. Nature
being God's provident gift of usage.
Thus lungwort, to cure pulmonary stains;
thus gravelwort (urinary stones) and
bloodroot for vomiting; maidenhair fern
to mend baldness. Thus shaking palsy
is overcome by poplar (as quaking
aspen) leaves; and lily of the valley,
writes William Cole, cureth apoplexy
by Signature; for as that disease is
caused by the dropping of humours into
the principal ventricles of the brain:
so the flowers of this Lily hanging
on the plants as if they were drops, are of
wonderful use herein.
—Switch willow, our
tree, or broom, for the wealth of downfall after
wind, the implements we might make.
But this time: sleet,
great snow, then
gale, from which
our willow shattered downward, ice-
toppled, explosive
over deep drifts, and shone
for days in the sun to follow.
One willow.
For our gathering, as
leaves to burn,
limbs
to sweep; as holding hands
with our child, to sing there
to a cat buried
with his ball, a little food,
and a willow-switch to dig his way out;
as in to amass, under-
stand, stand
be-
neath, fold, as
hands, as in harvest,
as a storm will
gather, or army will, or something wholly
unforeseen but, now, in-
evitably broken on the white ground
around us, and nothing to do but grieve.
Thus weeping, for the shape of its branches,
the shed leaf, a shudder of things in wind.
Weeping, as the story of our willow,
and something else that grew, root unto root,
beside us, beneath, within, instead.
Suffering being antidote—.
Thus petal of iris, a bruise polstice;
and St. John's wort, writes John Gerard, with oile
the color of blood, remedy for deep wounds.
Once a willow grew beside a fine pond.
Two shadows lived in its shadow. And raised
a child. And watched a ruining storm, which
—we hardly believed our eyes—was a sign
of the life one comes to know as one's own.
David Baker
TriQuarterly Issue 129
Copyright © 2007 by TriQuarterly
All rights reserved.
Reproduced by Poetry Daily with permission